Renewable Energies
A source of energy is considered renewable when it can be replenished within a time frame comparable to the period over which it is consumed. Unlike fossil fuels and nuclear energy, renewable sources—such as the sun, wind, ocean, and geothermal heat—can be regarded as inexhaustible. They are expected to play a crucial role in the near future, helping to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions, while also fostering the growth of a new economic sector with positive effects on employment.
With 16% of its gross domestic energy consumption coming from renewable sources, Italy appears to be in line with the European average. However, 65% of this share comes from hydroelectric and geothermal sources, 30% from biomass and waste, and only 3% from so-called "new" renewables, with wind power accounting for 2.1% and solar for less than 0.15%.
Across Europe, efforts are being made to encourage research into the exploitation of renewable energy.
On December 6, 2022, the European Commission adopted the Horizon Europe Work Programme for 2023–24, allocating around €13.5 billion to support researchers and innovators across Europe in developing innovative solutions to environmental, energy, digital, and geopolitical challenges.
Recognizing the growing importance of renewables in the economies of the future, the Universities of Udine and Trieste, along with the ICTP and SISSA, have combined their expertise—in physics, engineering, and chemistry—to establish a School of Introduction to Renewable Energy, with its first location in Udine. The goal of the school is to introduce young people to the topic, connect them with local institutions and research groups, and engage with companies in the sector. The school aims to raise awareness and interest in renewable energy and help build a strong foundation for future involvement.